¿Quién es Atef Najib, exfuncionario sirio condenado a muerte junto a Al Assad?

Former Assad official faces historic trial over the Syrian revolution crackdown. Atef Najib, the former Syrian security official widely seen as the man who oversaw a regime of murder, torture and forced disappearances against Syrians during the country’s brutal 14-year civil war, has been sentenced to death by a court in Damascus. On Tuesday, Najib was sentenced alongside ousted Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad and his younger brother, Maher al-Assad, who also received the death penalty in absentia for crimes including premeditated murder. The Fourth Criminal Court found that crimes committed by al-Assad’s government in Deraa province in 2011 amounted to crimes against humanity. Unlike al-Assad and members of his family who fled to Russia when the regime fell in December 2024, Najib has been in detention in Syria since January 2025. During his trial, he was charged with at least 10 crimes, including murder, torture and responsibility for massacres, as well as crimes against humanity linked to the 2011 Deraa crackdown on protesters. We unpack who Najib is, what he is charged with and what we know about his trial and verdict. Najib, 66, is the first cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad and the former head of political security in southern Syria’s Deraa province. Al-Assad was overthrown in early December 2024, when a coalition of armed opposition groups seized Damascus in a lightning advance and toppled his government. Since his ousting, al-Assad has lived in exile in Moscow under tight Russian supervision, far from any formal role in Syria’s new transitional authorities. Al-Assad had been in power since 2000 until he fled. He took over after his father, Hafez al-Assad, who had been in power since 1970, died. In the early 1980s, Najib joined the Military Academy in Homs after graduating from school. After completing his training at the academy, he became the head of political security in Deraa. The exact date he officially assumed his role is not documented in public state archives. He remained in his role leading up to and during the initial outbreak of the Syrian uprising in March 2011. Accused of violently quashing this uprising, the al-Assad regime officially removed him from his post in April 2011. Najib oversaw political security in Deraa when teenagers who scrawled antigovernment graffiti on a school wall were arrested and tortured. The case became a catalyst for a broader uprising, which ultimately morphed into a bloody civil war. The Ministry of Interior’s general security forces arrested Najib in January 2025 during a campaign targeting remnants of the former government in Latakia province. Najib had fled the country after al-Assad’s ousting, but then returned to Syria, Al Jazeera’s Obaida Hitto said, reporting from Damascus on Tuesday. Najib’s arrest was considered one of the most significant detentions of former security officials because he held a sensitive security position in Deraa at the beginning of the Syrian uprising. Najib’s sentence was issued by the Fourth Criminal Court in Damascus on Tuesday, which oversaw the final review of his case and judgement. Closing arguments and his final statement had already been heard in the eighth session. The proceedings began on April 26. Najib was sentenced to death, alongside al-Assad and his brother. According to the court ruling, Najib was involved in the torture of a large number of detainees and was responsible for the deaths of many of them during their deten